First Aspect
Squire
It seems to be difficult to put populist back in its box. See Brazil which is flirting with electing another Bolsanaro, despite how catastrophic the first one was. Or indeed the US which has inexplicably elected Trump twice already. Or us, who haven't seemingly learnt much from Boris, Brexit and the floundering populist clowns who too us through that and the pandemic.And wait a long time for the dust to settle, seeing if the US tries to rebuild bridges over a decently extended period during which the lunacy doesn't return. (See Brexit.)
So the more stable hold outs, such as the EU which benefits from inertia, or China which benefits from authoranatianism, will be less willing to trust that anything is other than transient.
I see that as the main obstacle to re entering the EU. Why would they start a lengthy and detailed process that could be derailed or terminated on a whim by a populist prime minister?