A true story from 30 years ago. An Iraqi man was interviewed with a translator about his asylum claim. The UK government felt he had a strong case as he detailed his persecution. Afterwards, over a coffee, while they were informally discussing his case, the translator mentioned that he was actually Egyptian and not Iraqi. He clearly spoke Egyptian Arabic.
I use this as an example of the challenges that are faced:
- His accent cannot be used to determine his asylum claim only the evidence he presents, so the UK needs to continue to consider him Iraqi
- If his claim is denied, the UK would look to return him to Iraq, but why should Iraq accept someone who they have no record of and the UK cannot prove is Iraqi?
- The UK could try to send him to Egypt, but again why would Egypt accept someone who says they are Iraqi that the UK can't prove is Egyptian?
As a result, he is likely to be given leave to remain.
To counter this approach the Tories tried to make it much harder to work illegally (resulting in the Windrush scandal) and to slow the processing of claims, so people would have to do quite a lot of time without work, before being granted leave to remain - in other words reduce the appeal of trying.
Australia adopted the approach of offshoring everyone as a solution. Trump is just strong arming countries to accept returns irrespective of where they are actually from. In the above case, the Egyptian would be sent to Iraq or Sudan or somewhere else that is not the US. Neither of these approaches are acceptable to the UK.