Bit of nit-picking and then claiming ''pretty basic knowledge'' but where i wrote ''emissions'' it should read as every f.ucking thing you can find in the air in my example.
It isn't nit-picking to differentiate between pollution types as it clarifies the nature of the issue and informs on the steps being taken or needed to be taken.
In a broad sense, air pollution can be divided into "local" and "global". At a local level, CO2 is simply not a pollutant. That is, if you stand next to a vehicle exhaust, the CO2 isn't going to harm you (unless you are in such an enclosed environment that CO2 can reach very high levels and if that is the case something else from the exhaust will get you first). But as the evidence shows, CO2 on a global level is an enormous issue.
Conversely NOx is not a long-lived gas (breaking down to Ozone with sunlight for example). It isn't a factor in climate change. But on a local level it is a very dangerous pollutant that is classified as being unsafe for humans at any level.
In short, humans evolved to deal with CO2 (we exhale it after all). But it has no mechanism for NOx.
Stuff like this obscures the rational for measures. I have seen the London ULEZ being criticised because London traffic contribution to world CO2 is miniscule and why do it when China emits so much? Which completely misses the point that ULEZ is designed specifically to reduce dangerous local gases like NOx. Hence the reason the restrictions on Petrol cars are pretty lax but on diesel much more strict. It also informs on the dichotomy of previous governments push to diesel (which emits less CO2) and now local restrictions on diesel cars (which emit more NOX).
This division is crude. For example particulates are a local issue affecting individuals directly but are very long lived and can travel many miles. But it helps me understand a little better the measures that are being proposed and what they are trying to address.