I was penalised for exactly that in Spain.
I booked via a debit card, but when it came to paying at the counter they would only accept a credit card, which I didn’t have. I had to pay an extra £300 for their upgraded insurance.
My other horror story is a chipped windscreen in Canada. Almost impossible to avoid if travelling on semi made up roads.
My Canada horror story was having my card refused by a random security check and being unable to contact the bank. I slept the night on a tow truck drivers sofa.
When I got back from that trip I couldn't pay rent because the rental car company drained my account in about 20 below threshold debit card transactions, because the man child who had inherited the familys Budget franchise was annoyed I had put 3000 miles on the car.
Yes, I did get it all back, but I then had to send the same information from my bank to several debt collectors over the years, which the man child had sold the debt to.
Budget HQ could not have been less helpful so.ive never used them again.