Recommendations in the 378-page report published on Wednesday include:
- The creation of a new division of the crown court in which a judge and two magistrates hear “either way” offences – those in which the defendant can currently choose to be heard by either a magistrate or a jury in the crown court.
- Removing the right to be tried in the crown court for offences that carry a maximum sentence of no more than two years.
- Reclassifying some either way offences so they can be tried only in a magistrates court.
- Trial by judge alone for serious and complex fraud cases.
- The right for all crown court defendants to elect to be tried by a judge alone.
The top three of those recommendations would save 9,000 sitting days in the crown courts, out of a current total of 110,000, according to the report – an estimate Leveson said was conservative.
He proposed that to maximise the effectiveness of the proposals, sitting days would increase to 130,000 a year at an overall cost of approximately £1bn between 2025-26 and 2029-30.
Leveson said: “I don’t rejoice in these recommendations but I do believe they’re absolutely essential.
“Do I want to curtail jury trial? Would I like to? No … But I would ask that the report be judged not on what I am undoing, but on what I am trying to protect.”
He said in the report there was “a real risk of total system collapse in the near future”, with victims and witnesses disengaging because they were waiting years for their case to be heard or forgetting details by the time a case came around.